In Lydia archaeology has focused on Prehistoric and Hellenistic through Byzantine periods with relative neglect of settlement patterns during the period in which Lydia was under Lydian and, Persian control in the 7th through 4th centuries B. C.

After the collapse of the Hittite Empire in Anatolia in the Iron Age, was established city-states such as Phrygian, Lydian, Lycia and Caria. Lydian Kingdom (683-546 BC) founded the Gediz (Hermos) and was in the lands watered by the Caistor Valley. Lydian capital, Sardeis was established near Salihli today. This powerful Kingdom, the fall of Phrygia (715-695 BC) then east to the Kızılırmak (Halys), the West has spread to the Aegean Sea. Lydia, conquered by the Persians (546 BC) were. Sardeis Persian Empire was directed by Satrapi was appointed as Satrapies center. In this course, history-geography of the Lydian region, socio-cultural structure, archaeological remains and artifacts will be taught.