Information Package / Course Catalogue
History of Turkish Democracy
Course Code: TAR410
Course Type: Required
Couse Group: First Cycle (Bachelor's Degree)
Education Language: Turkish
Work Placement: N/A
Theory: 2
Prt.: 0
Credit: 2
Lab: 0
ECTS: 4
Objectives of the Course

The objective of this course is to examine the conceptual and historical foundations of democracy and to explain the evolution of democratic thought from Antiquity to the present; to assess how the development of modern democracy in Europe influenced the political structure of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey; to analyze the reforms and constitutional transformations during the transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic; to identify the major turning points in Turkish democratic history within the context of multi-party politics, military interventions, and constitutional change; and finally, to critically evaluate Turkey’s democratization, institutional reforms, and political transformation processes in the 21st century.

Course Content

This course begins with the fundamental concepts of democracy, its historical origins, and the development of modern democracy in Europe. It then examines reform movements and constitutional changes in the Ottoman Empire, followed by the establishment of the Republic and the single-party era. The transition to multi-party politics, the Democrat Party period, military interventions, and constitutional transformations are analyzed chronologically. The course concludes with an examination of post-1980 political structures, democratization debates, institutional reforms, and the political transformation of Turkey in the 21st century.

Name of Lecturer(s)
Lec. Mehmet BAŞARAN
Learning Outcomes
1.to be able to explain history of Turkish democracy
2.to be able to define political and democratic heritage taken over from the Ottoman Empire
3.to be able to explain efforts to create infrastructure of modernization and democracy in the early years of the Republic
4.to be able to describe causes of problems which the democracy lived in Republican Period
5.to be able to evaluate history of Turkish democracy in comparison with Europe and World
Recommended or Required Reading
1.AHMAD,Feroz, Demokrasi Sürecinde Türkiye 1945–1980, Çev. Ahmet Fethi, Hil Yayınları, İstanbul 1996
2.ÇAVDAR, Tevfik , Türkiye’nin Demokrasi Tarihi 1839-1950, İnce Kitabevi, Ankara 2004.
3.Tarık Zafer Tunaya, Türkiyede Siyasal Partiler, İstanbul, 1998.
4. M. Şükrü Hanioğlu, Bir Siyasal Örgüt olarak İttihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti ve Jön Türklük 1889-1902, İstanbul, 1989.
5.Kemal Karpat, Türk Demokrasi Tarihi, İstanbul, 1996.
6.Enver Ziya KARAL, Osmanlı Tarihi. IX. Cilt. İkinci Meşrutiyet ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı (1908 - 1918), Ankara 1999
7.Feroz Ahmad, İttihatçılıktan Kemalizme, çev. Fatmagül Berktay, Kaynak Yayınları, İstanbul 1985.
8.Suna Kili, 1960-1975 Döneminde Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi’nde Gelişmeler, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul 1976.
9.Muzaffer Sencer, Türkiye’de Siyasal Partilerin Sosyal Temelleri, Geçiş Yayınları, İstanbul 1971.
10.Server Tanilli, Devlet ve Demokrasi, 2.Baskı, Say Yayınları, İstanbul 1981.
11.Şerafettin Turan, Türk Devrim Tarihi, 2. 3. 4. 5. Kitap, Bilgi Yayınevi, Ankara
Weekly Detailed Course Contents
Week 1 - Theoretical
Concept of Democracy: Foundations and Key Definitions
Week 2 - Theoretical
Democracy in Antiquity and the Middle Ages
Week 3 - Theoretical
The Rise of Modern Democracy in Europe (15th–19th Century)
Week 4 - Theoretical
The Road to Democracy in the Ottoman Empire
Week 5 - Theoretical
World War I, Committee of Union and Progress, and the Crisis of Pluralism
Week 6 - Theoretical
Establishment of the Republic and the Early Single-Party Period (1923–1930)
Week 7 - Theoretical
Modernization and Governance in the Single-Party Era (1930–1945)
Week 8 - Theoretical
Transition to Multi-Party Politics (1945–1950)
Week 9 - Theoretical
The Democrat Party Era (1950–1960): Political, Social, and Economic Transformations
Week 10 - Theoretical
The May 27, 1960 Coup and the 1961 Constitution
Week 11 - Theoretical
The 12 March 1971 Memorandum and the Political Developments Leading to the 1980 Coup
Week 12 - Theoretical
The 1980 Military Coup and the 1982 Constitution
Week 13 - Theoretical
Post-1980 Turkey: Liberalization, Coalition Governments, and the 28 February Process
Week 14 - Theoretical
Political Transformation and Democratization in 21st Century Turkey
Assessment Methods and Criteria
Type of AssessmentCountPercent
Midterm Examination1%40
Final Examination1%60
Workload Calculation
ActivitiesCountPreparationTimeTotal Work Load (hours)
Lecture - Theory142256
Individual Work122024
Midterm Examination1606
Final Examination112012
TOTAL WORKLOAD (hours)98
Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes
PÇ-1
PÇ-2
PÇ-3
PÇ-4
PÇ-5
PÇ-6
PÇ-7
PÇ-8
PÇ-9
PÇ-10
PÇ-11
PÇ-12
OÇ-1
4
4
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
3
2
2
OÇ-2
4
4
2
3
4
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
OÇ-3
4
5
2
4
4
3
2
4
4
4
3
3
OÇ-4
4
5
2
4
4
3
2
4
4
4
3
3
OÇ-5
4
5
3
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
3
3
Adnan Menderes University - Information Package / Course Catalogue
2026