The aims of this course are (1) to explain the political thought produced in the 19th and 20th centuries in the light of the political thoughts produced in previous periods, (2) to reveal the relationship between contemporary political thought and contemporary political ideologies, (3) to teach what ideology is, its functions and certain ideologies and schools of thought with a conceptual, critical and analytical approach.

This course examines the major political movements and currents that have left their mark on the history of social struggles, the world of political thought, and understandings of the state in the 19th and 20th centuries. Ideologies are examined and evaluated in relation to the economic-political conditions of the systems in which they emerged and the historical period in which they were influential. Political currents are examined in terms of both their historical and political philosophies and their understandings and forms of political movements. In addition to the ideologies of liberalism, socialism, and conservatism that have shaped the modern world, movements such as anarchism, feminism, communitarianism, and postmodernism that have particularly left their mark on the twentieth century are discussed.