Core Subject Course. The Labor Economics II course is designed to provide students with both theoretical and practical knowledge of key aspects of the labor market, particularly focusing on the functioning of trade unions, collective bargaining mechanisms, and processes of industrial democracy. The course aims to equip students with the ability to analyze the economic and social impacts of trade unions, while also addressing critical social issues such as unemployment, employment policies, labor market participation, discrimination in the labor market, and gender inequalities, all within historical and global contexts. Furthermore, the course seeks to cultivate students’ sense of social responsibility based on sustainable development goals, social justice, equality, and ethical values. It also aims to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to understand the impacts of digitalization, artificial intelligence, and automation on labor processes and to adapt effectively to these ongoing transformations.

The Labor Economics II course aims to provide an in-depth analysis of trade union activities and collective bargaining models, focusing on the economic and social objectives of union movements. The course covers in detail the monetary and fiscal policies employed to combat unemployment, as well as active and passive labor market policies. It also comprehensively examines issues such as labor market discrimination, gender inequalities, labor productivity, and the economics of education. By evaluating wage theories, minimum wage policies, and the advantages and disadvantages of the platform economy, the course seeks to develop students’ critical thinking skills. Furthermore, it explores types of unemployment and the NEET concept (young people Not in Education, Employment, or Training), enabling students to understand the complex structure of labor markets and to analyze the impact of economic policies on these markets. The course also aims to strengthen students’ awareness of social responsibility based on ethical values and to equip them with the knowledge and competencies needed to adapt to transformations such as digitalization, artificial intelligence, and automation.