Information Package / Course Catalogue
Crusaders and Military Orders
Course Code: TRH520
Course Type: Area Elective
Couse Group: Second Cycle (Master's Degree)
Education Language: Turkish
Work Placement: N/A
Theory: 3
Prt.: 0
Credit: 3
Lab: 0
ECTS: 5
Objectives of the Course

The aim of this course is to analyze the founding purposes, interactions, activities in the Near East and Europe, and institutional structures of chivalric orders such as Templier, Hospitalier, Teutonic, St. Lazarus, St. Thomas and Santiago, which were established in the Crusader Age, and their contributions to the Crusades and their activities against the Turkish-Islamic world.

Course Content

In this course, the reason for the Papal support of the religious-military characterized chivalric orders established in order to respond to the changing political balances in the region and the religious and social needs that emerged after the establishment of Latin states in the Near East, the roles of these orders in meeting the military needs of the Crusader states and their social activities in meeting the health, food and security needs that arose in the context of religious mobility will be explained.

Name of Lecturer(s)
Lec. Muhittin ÇEKEN
Learning Outcomes
1.Students will learn the foundation purposes of religious organizations in the Middle East during the Crusades, their contribution to the crusades, their activities in the region and the importance of the period in terms of the Christian society.
2.Students learn the political and military impact of Templier, Hospitalier, Teutonic and other orders of chivalry on the Crusader Age.
3.The students learn how these organizations or sects are engaged in religious and ideological terms against the Turkish-Islamic world and what their ultimate aims are in the context of the Crusades.
4.Students learn the institutional structures of these Orders.
5.Can evaluate the relationship between religion and war through institutional structures.
6.Discuss the contemporary reflections of religious-military orders.
7.Theoretical knowledge obtained from course can be used in their research and able to make their own analysis.
Recommended or Required Reading
1.Fulcher of Chartres, Chronocicle of the First Crusade, Oxford, 1941.
2.Charles G. Addison, The History of The Knights Templars: The Church and the Temple, Printed by GJ. Palmer, Savoy Street, Strand, London, 1842
3.İbn Kalanisi, Şam Tarihine Zeyl: I. ve II. Haçlı Seferleri Dönemi, Çev: Onur Özatağ, İş Bankası Yayınları, İstanbul, 2015
4.Joseph Francois, History of the Crusades, Translated by W. Robson, Michigan Statae University Library, New York, 1891.
5.W. Harlan Cord, A Knight Templar Abroad, John Burn Publishing Co., 1885.
6.Muhittin Çeken, İsa'nın Yoksul Askerleri: Tapınak Şövalyeleri, Timaş Yayınları, İstanbul 2020.
7.The Templars, The Hospitallers and the Crusades, Ed. Helen J. Nicholson-Jochen Burgtorf, Routledge, London 2020.
8.The Templars: The Rise, and Legacy of A Military Religious Order, Ed. Jochen Burgtorf, Shlomo Lotan and Enric Mallorqui-Ruscalleda, Routledge, London 2021.
9.Military Orders VIII, ed. Emanuel Buttigieg ve Clara Almagro Vidal, Routledge, Londra 2025.
10.J. M. Upton-Ward, Tapınak Şövalyelerinin El Kitabı, çev. Muhittin Çeken, Kronik Yayınları, İstanbul 2024.
Weekly Detailed Course Contents
Week 1 - Theoretical
T The political and religious context of the Middle Ages: the papal call for the Crusades
Week 2 - Theoretical
The establishment of Latin States in the Near East and the changing political and social conditions in the region
Week 3 - Theoretical
Increased pilgrimage after the establishment of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem and the security, food and worship problems faced by pilgrims
Week 4 - Theoretical
Founding of the Order of Hospitaller Chivalry
Week 5 - Theoretical
Knights Templier Organization, structure and function
Week 6 - Theoretical
Knights Hospitaller: Aid and fight in the Holy Land
Week 7 - Theoretical
Founding of the Teutonic, St. Lazarus, St. Thomas and Santiago knightly orders
Week 8 - Theoretical
Crusades and Military Orders
Week 9 - Theoretical
Military Orders and their fortified positions in the Near East
Week 10 - Theoretical
The rivalry between military orders and its reflections on the Crusades
Week 11 - Theoretical
The institutional structure of Military Orders
Week 12 - Theoretical
The Failure of the Crusades and the Blame of the Military Orders
Week 13 - Theoretical
Crusader projects of the Knights Templier and Hospitaller
Week 14 - Theoretical
Processes of collapse and the birth of myths: Orders heritage in the modern age and its reflections in popular culture
Assessment Methods and Criteria
Type of AssessmentCountPercent
Midterm Examination1%40
Final Examination1%60
Workload Calculation
ActivitiesCountPreparationTimeTotal Work Load (hours)
Lecture - Theory142256
Assignment128129
Individual Work128129
Midterm Examination1415
Final Examination110111
TOTAL WORKLOAD (hours)130
Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes
PÇ-1
PÇ-2
PÇ-3
PÇ-4
PÇ-5
PÇ-6
PÇ-7
PÇ-8
PÇ-9
PÇ-10
OÇ-1
2
3
3
3
5
1
OÇ-2
1
5
3
5
5
1
OÇ-3
2
3
2
4
4
5
OÇ-4
2
3
1
4
4
4
OÇ-5
3
4
2
5
5
OÇ-6
OÇ-7
Adnan Menderes University - Information Package / Course Catalogue
2026