Cell-based approaches, biocompatible materials and their designs, tissue architecture and keystones, characteristics of cells, role of stem cells in this process, applications of current field and ethical approaches in the production of tissue engineering products are discussed.

Identification of bone and cartilage in vitro cell culture systems and their applications, Cartilage and bone cell and tissue culture methods, Tests for identification of phenotypic and genotypic specifications of bone and cartilage cells and applications, Mediators required for cell proliferation, development, differentiation and matrix synthesis.