Information Package / Course Catalogue
Smart and Autonomous Agricultural Machinery
Course Code: DJTA015
Course Type: Area Elective
Couse Group: Short Cycle (Associate's Degree)
Education Language: Turkish
Work Placement: N/A
Theory: 2
Prt.: 0
Credit: 2
Lab: 0
ECTS: 3
Objectives of the Course

The objective of this course is to provide students with the technical and operational knowledge required to equip agricultural tractors and harvesting machines with smart mechatronic systems, ISOBUS/TIM communication protocols, and autonomous driving architectures (Levels 0-5).

Course Content

History of automation in heavy agri-machinery; Intra-vehicle communication (CAN-Bus); ISO 11783 (ISOBUS) standards and components; Tractor-Implement Management (TIM); Auto-steering actuators; Smart seeding and spraying mechatronics; Combine harvester automation systems; Autonomous driving algorithms and sensor fusion (LiDAR/Radar); Safety standards (ISO 18497).

Name of Lecturer(s)
Learning Outcomes
1.Distinguishes autonomy levels, basic sensors, and actuator units in smart agricultural machinery.
2.Defines A-B driving guidance lines correctly according to field/orchard structures via cabin terminals.
3.Checks ISOBUS socket connections and universal terminal (UT) pairings between machinery.
4.Explains rate settings on variable-rate fertilization terminals and connections of machine-mounted soil scanning sensors.
5.Interprets seed singulation and section control indicators on user panels of smart grain and row-crop seeders.
6.Configures operator settings for automated vegetable seedling planters and sensor-controlled inter-row cultivators.
7.Executes user interface settings for sensor-equipped orchard sprayers and PWM nozzle valves in field sprayers based on manuals.
8.Lists flow, pressure, and speed adjustment parameters on control panels of smart linear and center-pivot irrigation machinery.
9.Reads shaker, cleaning, and grain loss indicators on display screens of grape/fruit harvesters and combine harvesters.
10.Diagnoses common user errors, sensor contamination warnings, and loose cabling codes, and applies winter storage rules.
Recommended or Required Reading
1.Automatic steering consoles for commercial garden/field tractors, operator display interface manuals for seeders and sprayers.
2.Fault code manuals for sensor-equipped garden atomizers, sensor-equipped tillers, pivot irrigation panels, field soil scanning sensors, and combine harvester/grape harvester.
3.AEF ISOBUS database query tools and industrial operator display training interfaces
4.Current scientific articles published in SCI-indexed journals.
Weekly Detailed Course Contents
Week 1 - Theoretical
Introduction and Fundamentals of Agricultural Electronics: Current protection, fuses, sensors, and actuators—essential aspects of smart farming mechatronics for technicians.
Week 2 - Theoretical
CAN-Bus and ISO 11783 (ISOBUS) ISOBUS Standard and Display Interfaces: ISO 11783 plug-and-play infrastructure, tractor-mounted ISOBUS breakaway connector (IBBC), and Universal Terminal (UT) menu structures.layer architecture.
Week 3 - Theoretical
Auto-Guidance and Line Generation: GNSS (GPS) receiver antennas, in-cab steering motors, straight/curved A-B guidance lines via terminal, and field boundary mapping.
Week 4 - Theoretical
Smart Fertilization: Variable Rate Application (VRA) fertilizer spreader controllers; terminal display connections for real-time soil scanning (electrical conductivity/NIRS) sensors integrated into the front/underneath of the tractor.
Week 5 - Theoretical
Smart Seeding and Planting: Electronic section control, seed drop, and blockage sensor interfaces in precision planters (corn, sunflower, cotton) and grain seeders.
Week 6 - Theoretical
Planting, Pruning, and Hoeing Mechatronics: User displays for automatic vegetable transplanters; sensor-controlled machines and their settings that detect tree trunks and hydraulically retract in orchards and vineyards, or perform pruning on above-ground and underground organs at specific ratios in fruit trees and vineyards.
Week 7 - Theoretical
Smart Spraying: Ultrasonic/optical sensor systems detecting tree presence in orchard sprayers; Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) nozzle mechatronics and weed-detecting (Spot Spraying) boom control displays in field sprayers.
Week 8 - Theoretical
Smart Tracking Systems
Week 9 - Theoretical
Smart Irrigation Machines: Operator panels of automatic linear and center-pivot irrigation machines; terminal integration of on-machine electronic flow rates, pressure valves, and soil moisture sensors.
Week 10 - Theoretical
Smart Pruning and Protection: Electronic limiters, pruning platforms, and operator safety switches of mechanized/semi-automatic pruning machines in vineyards and orchards.
Week 11 - Theoretical
Combine Harvester Electronics: Electro-optical grain loss sensors in combine operator cabs, feed rate automation displays (Cruise Pilot), and monitoring of real-time yield mapping terminals.
Week 12 - Theoretical
Horticultural Harvesting: Operator panels of self-propelled grape harvesters; frequency control indicators of tree trunk shakers/harvesters, and fruit harvesting platforms.
Week 13 - Theoretical
Swarm Machinery and Master-Slave synchronization architectures.
Week 14 - Theoretical
Common Terminal Error Codes: Frequent screen warning messages such as "Communication lost," "Searching for GPS signal," "Implement not detected," "Sensor data unavailable," and practical user solutions.
Assessment Methods and Criteria
Type of AssessmentCountPercent
Assignment1%5
Quiz1%5
Midterm Examination1%30
Final Examination1%60
Workload Calculation
ActivitiesCountPreparationTimeTotal Work Load (hours)
Lecture - Theory142256
Assignment1415
Midterm Examination1516
Final Examination1718
TOTAL WORKLOAD (hours)75
Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes
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3
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5
3
3
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4
2
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1
1
5
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3
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1
3
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2
4
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1
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1
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5
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5
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1
1
5
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1
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1
1
4
2
5
3
OÇ-5
5
1
5
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5
1
1
1
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1
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1
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5
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1
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3
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5
1
5
5
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1
1
4
5
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2
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1
1
3
5
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5
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1
1
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1
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4
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1
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OÇ-10
3
2
5
5
4
1
2
3
2
5
2
1
2
4
1
2
3
1
5
5
Adnan Menderes University - Information Package / Course Catalogue
2026