The aim of this course is to provide students with an understanding of the fundamental physical principles governing the optical properties of solids and the interaction mechanisms between light and matter. The course examines the behavior of optical materials, the physical foundations of optical processes, and optical phenomena occurring in solid-state systems, aiming to develop students’ ability to interpret optical properties and apply them to different material systems.

This course covers the fundamental principles of electromagnetism in dielectrics, the properties of optical materials, and the physical foundations of optical phenomena in solids. The propagation of light in dense optical media, the dipole oscillator model, and optical absorption mechanisms are examined. In addition, interband transitions, excitons, luminescence processes, quantum confinement effects, the optical behavior of free electrons, and the optical properties of molecular materials are discussed.