Information Package / Course Catalogue
Introduction to Microfluidics
Course Code: ME438
Course Type: Area Elective
Couse Group: First Cycle (Bachelor's Degree)
Education Language: English
Work Placement: N/A
Theory: 3
Prt.: 0
Credit: 3
Lab: 0
ECTS: 5
Objectives of the Course

The objective of this course is to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the physical principles, governing equations, and engineering applications of fluid flow at the microscale. Students will explore the transition from macro-to-microfluidics, focusing on the dominance of surface forces, laminar flow regimes, and diffusion-based mixing.

Course Content

This course provides an in-depth exploration of the fluid dynamics and engineering principles governing microscale systems. Topics include fundamental scaling laws, advanced fabrication techniques such as soft lithography and 3D micro-printing, and the design of Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) platforms. The curriculum emphasizes practical microfluidic architectures, including droplet-based systems, inertial focusing via CEA channels, and particle sorting through DLD arrays. Students will also investigate sample preparation, integrated detection methods, and emerging frontiers such as Organ-on-a-Chip (OoC) and unconventional microfluidic materials.

Name of Lecturer(s)
Learning Outcomes
1.Analyze the shift in dominant physical forces from macro to micro scales by deriving scaling laws for at least four parameters (e.g., surface tension, viscosity, diffusion, and gravity) to determine their impact on device performance.
2.Execute the complete design-to-fabrication workflow for a microfluidic device, including the selection of substrate materials (PDMS, thermoplastics, or paper) and the derivation of specific cleanroom or 3D-printing parameters based on channel geometry requirements.
3.Design integrated Lab-on-a-Chip architectures for complex sample preparation by calculating the precise channel dimensions needed to achieve passive particle sorting via Deterministic Lateral Displacement (DLD) or inertial focusing in CEA channels.
4.Evaluate the mechanical and fluidic requirements of Organ-on-a-Chip systems by simulating shear stress profiles and oxygen diffusion rates to ensure the engineering environment meets the physiological needs of cultured biological cells.
5.Critique contemporary research in microfluidic technologies, such as droplet-based systems or soft robotics, by identifying current engineering limitations and proposing technical modifications to improve throughput, sensitivity, or device integration.
Recommended or Required Reading
1.1. Marc J. Madou, From MEMS to Bio-MEMS and Bio-NEMS: Manufacturing Techniques and Applications, 3rd Edition, CRC Press, 2011.
2.2. Marc J. Madou, Fundamentals of Microfabrication: The Science of Miniaturization, 2nd Edition, CRC Press, 2002.
3.3. Liu, C. Foundations of MEMS, Pearson Education: New Jersey, 2006.
Weekly Detailed Course Contents
Week 1 - Theoretical
Foundations of Microscale Flow Introduction to microfluidics: Scaling laws, surface-to-volume ratio, and the physics of low volume fluids.
Week 2 - Theoretical
Governing Equations & Dimensionless NumbersNavier-Stokes at the microscale, Reynolds, Péclet, and Capillary numbers.
Week 3 - Theoretical
Laminar Transport & Diffusion Velocity profiles in microchannels, Taylor-Aris dispersion, and passive mixing strategies.
Week 4 - Theoretical
Micro-manufacturing & Material Science From Soft Lithography (PDMS) to high-resolution 3D printing and thermoplastic micromachining.
Week 5 - Theoretical
Inertial Microfluidics & Particle Focusing Physics of Dean flow, lift forces, and Contraction–Expansion Array (CEA) microchannels.
Week 6 - Theoretical
Passive Sorting & DLD Technologies Deterministic Lateral Displacement (DLD): Theory, design of pillar arrays, and bioparticle separation.
Week 7 - Theoretical
Two-Phase & Droplet Microfluidics Surface tension, Laplace pressure, droplet generation, and high-throughput encapsulation.
Week 8 - Intermediate Exam
Midterm Exam
Week 9 - Theoretical
Digital & Electrowetting Platforms Moving discrete droplets via electric fields; architecture of Digital Microfluidic (DMF) chips.
Week 10 - Theoretical
Bio-MEMS & Lab-on-a-Chip Systems Integrated diagnostic platforms, micro-valves, micro-pumps, and sample-to-answer systems.
Week 11 - Theoretical
Organ-on-a-Chip (OoC) Engineering Modeling human physiology on-chip; shear stress control for cell culture and drug testing.
Week 12 - Theoretical
Acousto- & Magnetofluidics Using ultrasonic standing waves and magnetic gradients for active particle manipulation.
Week 13 - Theoretical
Paper-Based & Capillary Diagnostics Low-cost microfluidics: Porous media flow (Lucas-Washburn equation) and lateral flow assays.
Week 14 - Theoretical
Flexible & Wearable Microfluidics Skin-interfaced microchannels for sweat analysis and integrated tactile force sensors.
Week 15 - Theoretical
Microfluidics in Soft Robotics Fluidic logic, pneumatic actuators, and the role of micro-channels in "autonomous" soft machines.
Week 16 - Final Exam
Final Exam
Assessment Methods and Criteria
Type of AssessmentCountPercent
Assignment3%10
Project1%20
Midterm Examination1%20
Final Examination1%50
Workload Calculation
ActivitiesCountPreparationTimeTotal Work Load (hours)
Lecture - Theory141356
Assignment35015
Project110010
Reading141014
Midterm Examination19110
Final Examination118220
TOTAL WORKLOAD (hours)125
Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes
PÇ-1
PÇ-2
PÇ-3
PÇ-4
PÇ-5
PÇ-6
PÇ-7
PÇ-8
PÇ-9
PÇ-10
PÇ-11
PÇ-12
OÇ-1
5
4
3
4
3
5
5
3
3
3
2
3
OÇ-2
4
5
4
4
3
3
4
3
4
3
5
3
OÇ-3
4
5
3
4
3
5
5
4
4
3
4
4
OÇ-4
5
5
4
5
4
3
3
4
4
5
5
4
OÇ-5
4
5
4
3
3
3
4
3
4
5
3
5
Adnan Menderes University - Information Package / Course Catalogue
2026