
| Course Code | : İST531 |
| Course Type | : Area Elective |
| Couse Group | : Second Cycle (Master's Degree) |
| Education Language | : Turkish |
| Work Placement | : N/A |
| Theory | : 3 |
| Prt. | : 0 |
| Credit | : 3 |
| Lab | : 0 |
| ECTS | : 5 |
The objective is to examine the repertoire of Turkish religious music in terms of *makam* (modal system), *usul* (rhythmic cycle), melodic progression, *geçki* (modulation), *çeşni* (melodic nuance/flavor), and the relationship between lyrics and composition; to enable students to apply their theoretical knowledge to the analysis of musical works and performances; and to develop their skills in critically evaluating the connections between theoretical explanations and performance characteristics—by comparing various musical scores and audio recordings—as well as in curating a well-founded repertoire.
The sources and selection criteria for the repertoire of Turkish religious music are examined, alongside key concepts in Turkish music theory—such as pitch (*perde*), interval (*aralık*), melodic nuance (*çeşni*), melodic mode (*makam*), melodic progression (*seyir*), final cadence (*karar*), dominant pitch (*güçlü*), and modulation (*geçki*)—as well as rhythmic cycles (*usul*), rhythmic structure, and the characteristics of free-rhythm performance. Through the study of religious compositions in *makam*s such as Rast, Uşşak, Hüseynî, Segâh, Hicaz, and others, the course explores melodic construction, intermediate cadences, melodic expansion, modulations, the relationship between rhythmic cycles and lyrics, and prosody. Furthermore, the discrepancies between notated scores and actual performance, the influence of theoretical approaches on the analysis of musical works, performance variants, and the transmission of the repertoire are evaluated from a comparative perspective. The course concludes with the preparation of a repertoire portfolio, complete with documented sources and theoretical analyses for each piece.
| 1. | Evaluates the written and aural sources of the Turkish religious music repertoire in terms of their reliability and intended use. |
| 2. | Uses the concepts of pitch (perde), interval (aralık), melodic nuance/flavor (çeşni), melodic mode (makam), melodic progression (seyir), and rhythmic cycle (usul) in the analysis of musical works. |
| 3. | Explains the development of the *makam*—including its cadences, expansions, and modulations—within selected musical works, providing the rationale for each. |
| 4. | Analyzes the relationships between rhythmic cycles (usul), melodic phrasing, and the placement of lyrics. |
| 5. | Evaluates the differences between notated scores and performance recordings in terms of theory, stylistic approach, and transmission. |
| 6. | Prepares and presents a repertoire file that includes various *makam*s (modes) and *usul*s (rhythmic cycles), with sources cited and analyses provided. |
| 1. | Özkan, İsmail Hakkı. Theory and Rhythmic Cycles (*Usûls*) of Turkish Music: *Kudüm* Embellishments (*Velvele*). Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat. Arel, Hüseyin Sadeddin. Lessons on the Theory of Turkish Music. Edited by Onur Akdoğu. Ak, Ahmet Şahin. Turkish Religious Music: Mosque and *Tekke* (Dervish Lodge) Music. Ankara: Akçağ Yayınları. Turabi, Ahmet Hakkı (ed.). Handbook of Turkish Religious Music. Ankara: Grafiker Yayınları, 2017. Kopar, Sadettin Volkan. “Rhythmic Cycles (*Usûls*) Used in Turkish Religious Music.” İSTEM 36 (2020): 325–346. Ezgi, Suphi. From the Classics of Turkish Music: *Temcit–Na‘t–Salat–Durak*. Istanbul, 1945. Nâsır Abdülbâkî Dede. *Tedkik ü Tahkik*: Examination and the Search for Truth. Translated into modern Turkish by Yalçın Tura. Istanbul: Pan Yayıncılık, 2006. |
| Type of Assessment | Count | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Attending Lectures | 1 | %5 |
| Quiz | 1 | %5 |
| Midterm Examination | 1 | %30 |
| Final Examination | 1 | %60 |
| Activities | Count | Preparation | Time | Total Work Load (hours) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lecture - Theory | 14 | 5 | 0 | 70 |
| Assignment | 14 | 2 | 0 | 28 |
| Midterm Examination | 1 | 14 | 0 | 14 |
| Final Examination | 1 | 14 | 0 | 14 |
| TOTAL WORKLOAD (hours) | 126 | |||
PÇ-1 | PÇ-2 | PÇ-3 | PÇ-4 | PÇ-5 | PÇ-6 | |
OÇ-1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
OÇ-2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
OÇ-3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
OÇ-4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
OÇ-5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
OÇ-6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |