To develop the ability to accurately read, interpret, translate into Turkish, and analyze—within their historical contexts—selected Arabic passages from classical Islamic historical literature. To enable students to recognize the linguistic, stylistic, conceptual, and narrative characteristics of various sources, including early *sirah* (biographical) and *maghazi* (military campaign) texts, as well as works on *futu?* (early Islamic conquests) and general history; and to equip them to compare accounts found in these texts—utilizing dictionaries and critical editions—and to prepare annotated textual analyses.

Reading of selected Arabic passages from Musa b. ?Uqba’s *al-Maghazi*, the *Kitab Sirat Rasul Allah* (attributed to Sulayman b. ?arkhan al-Taymi), the *al-Sira al-Nabawiyya*—Ibn Is?aq’s ??account as transmitted by Ibn Hisham—and al-Waqidi’s *al-Maghazi*; examination of selections from Ma?mar b. Rashid’s *maghazi* accounts, Ibn Sa?d’s *?abaqat*, al-Baladhuri’s narratives on the *futu?* (early Islamic conquests), and al-?abari’s general history; analysis of historical texts focusing on syntax, vocabulary and concepts, narrative structure, *isnad* (chains of transmission), dating, personal and place names; evaluation of editions and manuscript variants; and practical exercises in comparative reading, annotated translation, historical inference, and textual analysis.