It is aimed to learn the applications of biotechnological methods in the fight against diseases and pests.

Molecular methods used in the diagnosis of plant diseases and pests and beneficial organisms, resistance genes used in the fight against agents, microbial symbionts and herbicide resistance genes, resistance to transgenic plants in agents, genetically modified natural enemies against pests, effects of transgenic plants on non-target organisms, use of transgenic insects in the fight, biotechnological potential of entomopathogens, antimicrobial peptides, determination of insecticide resistance in plant diseases and pests by molecular methods