The Red List of Threatened Species of the International Association for the Protection of Nature, established in 1964, has become the world's most comprehensive source of information on the global risk of extinction of animal, fungal and plant species. The IUCN Red List is maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Natural Life and Natural Resources and is created using precise criteria, assessing the risk of extinction of thousands of species and subspecies. This criterion concerns all species and all regions of the world. Aimed with the Red List; is to attract the attention of the public and politicians to conservation issues and to help the international community to reduce species extinction. The IUCN Red List, created with a strong scientific infrastructure, is considered the most valid guide to the status of biological diversity. In this sense, the students who take the course will be informed about the history of this formation, why it was founded, its importance and how it will be applied.

General characteristics of bryophytes; the place and importance of liverworts and hornworts in the plant kingdom; general features of liverwort – morphological, anatomical structures, physiology, ecology, reproduction and life cycles; general features of hornworts - morphology, anatomy and reproduction; classification of liverwort and hornworts - Marchantiopsida, Fossombroniopsida, Pallaviciniopsida, Pelliopsida, Jungermanniopsida; determination of liverwort and hornworts, applications will be made on the determination of liverwort and horn samples collected from the field.