Information Package / Course Catalogue
Livestock Behaviour and Welfare
Course Code: ORT225
Course Type: Area Elective
Couse Group: Short Cycle (Associate's Degree)
Education Language: Turkish
Work Placement: N/A
Theory: 2
Prt.: 0
Credit: 2
Lab: 0
ECTS: 2
Objectives of the Course

The objective of this course is to provide students with the natural behavioral patterns of farm animals, fundamental principles of ethology, and animal welfare standards at a theoretical level. The course covers the behavioral mechanisms of cattle, small ruminants, and poultry; the interactive relationships between stress, pain, and disease affecting welfare; and welfare criteria during housing, transportation, and slaughter stages within the framework of national/international legislation and animal rights to teach the core principles of sustainable and ethical livestock production.

Course Content

Introduction to ethology and animal behavior, physiological and genetic mechanisms of behavior development. Specific social, ingestive, and reproductive behaviors of cattle, sheep, goats, and poultry. The concept of animal welfare, legal legislation in the world and Turkey. The effect of stress on animal physiology; approaches to pain, injury, and suffering. The interactive relationship between behavior, welfare, and diseases. The relationship of housing conditions, care-husbandry hygiene, transportation, and pre-slaughter/slaughter practices with animal welfare. Animal rights, protection organizations, current welfare issues, and technical solution proposals.

Name of Lecturer(s)
Learning Outcomes
1.Explain the basic concepts of ethology and the anatomical, hormonal, and genetic mechanisms underlying behavioral development.
2.Define species-specific social, comfort, ingestive, and reproductive behaviors of farm animals (cattle, sheep, goats, poultry) to differentiate between normal and abnormal behaviors.
3.Explain the concept of animal welfare with its historical development; interpret current legal legislation, animal rights, and protection principles in Turkey and worldwide.
4.Analyze the physiological effects of stress on the animal organism and the relationship of pain, injury, and diseases with behavioral modifications at an institutional level.
5.Identify factors threatening animal welfare during housing, management, husbandry hygiene, transport, and slaughter processes, and develop standard-compliant solution proposals.
Recommended or Required Reading
1.Demirören, E. Hayvan Davranışları. Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yay. No: 547, 4-5 İzmir. 2002.
2.Farm Animal Behaviour and Welfare. A.F. Fraser ve D.M.Broom, ELBS, London, 1990.
Weekly Detailed Course Contents
Week 1 - Theoretical
Introduction to ethology and animal behavior: Basic concepts, definition, and its importance in animal science
Week 2 - Theoretical
Mechanism of behavior development: Inheritance, nervous system, hormones, and environmental interaction
Week 3 - Theoretical
Cattle behaviors: Social hierarchy, grazing, rumination, resting, and maternal-offspring relationships
Week 4 - Theoretical
Sheep and goat behaviors: Flock instinct, area selection, feeding strategies, and defense mechanisms
Week 5 - Theoretical
Poultry behaviors: Social order (pecking order), comfort behaviors, oviposition, and nest selection
Week 6 - Theoretical
Introduction to animal welfare: The "Five Freedoms" principle, animal welfare legislation in the world and Turkey
Week 7 - Theoretical
The effect of stress on animal welfare: Acute and chronic stress mechanisms, approaches to pain, injury, and suffering
Week 8 - Theoretical
Relationship between behavior, welfare, and disease in animals / Midterm Exam
Week 9 - Theoretical
Specific behavioral changes occurring during illness periods and clinical early warning signs
Week 10 - Theoretical
Animal housing, care, and breeding hygiene in relation to animal welfare and comfort indices
Week 11 - Theoretical
Animal transport and welfare relationship: Standards for loading, density, climate control, and transport durations
Week 12 - Theoretical
Pre-slaughter (insensibility) and slaughter practices in animals, stunning methods, and welfare criteria
Week 13 - Theoretical
Animal protection philosophy, bioethics, declarations of animal rights, and related non-governmental organizations
Week 14 - Theoretical
Current animal welfare issues in livestock enterprises, consumer perception, and technical solution proposals
Assessment Methods and Criteria
Type of AssessmentCountPercent
Assignment1%5
Quiz1%5
Midterm Examination1%30
Final Examination1%60
Workload Calculation
ActivitiesCountPreparationTimeTotal Work Load (hours)
Lecture - Theory140228
Assignment1112
Individual Work140114
Quiz1112
Midterm Examination1112
Final Examination1213
TOTAL WORKLOAD (hours)51
Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes
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Adnan Menderes University - Information Package / Course Catalogue
2026