The aim of this lecture is to understand the fundamental quantity of thermodynamics and statistical physics which in different ways describe systems with a large number of particles. The systems can be e.g. atoms and molecules in gases, liquids and solids or electrons in metals and semiconductors.

Principles of Thermodynamics; Statistical Approach; Microcanonical Ensemble; Canonical Ensemble; Statistical Mechanics of Gases; Quantum Statistical Mechanics; Fermi-Dirac Statistics; Bose-Einstein Statistics